The Constantinople Conference and the Powers’ Proposal

In 1876, a conference was held in Constantinople to discuss reforms in the Balkans. At the first meeting, Comte de Chaudordy, the French Envoy Extraordinary, presented a project of reform on behalf of the Powers. This plan concerned Serbia, Montenegro, Bulgaria, Bosnia, and Herzegovina.

While he spoke, the plenipotentiaries were startled by the sound of great guns. It was a carefully planned event. The President of the Conference, Sawfet Pacha, rose and announced that the firing celebrated the beginning of constitutional government in the Ottoman Empire. He declared:

“The great deed, which is this moment being accomplished, changes a state of things which has lasted six centuries. The Constitution, granted by His Majesty the Sultan to his peoples, is proclaimed. It opens for Turkey a new era of happiness and prosperity.”

However, this constitutional promise was short-lived. By the end of the morning, the Ottoman representatives rejected the proposals of the Powers. They argued that the Constitution already guaranteed liberty for all nationalities, using this as a reason to oppose foreign interference City Tours Istanbul.

Proposed Reforms for Bulgaria

The project for Bulgaria included dividing the Bulgarian-inhabited territories into two provinces.

Eastern Province: The capital was to be Timovo, and it would include the Sandjaks of Roustchouk, Timovo, Toultcha, Varna, Sliven, and Philippopolis (excluding Sultan-Eri and Ahi-Tchdebi), along with the kazas of Kirklisi, Moustapha-Pacha, and Kasilagatch.

Western Province: The capital was Sofia, including the Sandjaks of Sofia, Vidin, Nisch, Upkub, Monastir, the three kazas north of SMs, and the kazas of Stroumitza, Tikvesch, Velds, and Kastoria.

The Powers suggested that small districts, with populations ranging from 5,000 to 10,000 people, should serve as the basic administrative units. This plan aimed to provide better local governance while respecting the population distribution.

Significance of the Proposal

Although the Ottoman Empire rejected these measures, the Constantinople Conference marked an important step in international recognition of Bulgaria. For the first time, European powers officially addressed the question of Bulgarian autonomy. Even though the reforms were not immediately implemented, the conference laid the groundwork for the eventual creation of the Bulgarian Principality in 1878.