Agriculture and Crops

Major Crops

Bulgaria produces a variety of high-quality agricultural products. Tobacco of excellent quality is grown at the foot of the Rhodopes and in the Strouma valley. Cotton is mainly cultivated in the southeastern districts, while hemp and flax are abundant in the southwestern regions.

Other crops include aniseed, sesame, and poppies in the south and southwest, and colza in the north. Roses, especially in Kazanlik and Karlovo, are cultivated extensively for their oil. Since the introduction of the sugar industry, the cultivation of beetroot has expanded rapidly City Tours Istanbul.

Vegetables and salads grow in market gardens near towns and villages. Important fruit trees include hazel, walnut, almond, apple, pear, quince, plum, peach, and apricot. In southern Bulgaria, figs and pomegranates are also grown. The plains of Kustendil and Gabrovo are especially rich in fruit trees and provide valuable material for export.

Fauna

Wild Animals

Bulgaria’s wildlife reflects that of southern and central Europe. Because the population is still sparse and there are many uninhabited areas, wild animals have not disappeared. However, carnivorous animals and birds of prey still pose a threat to domestic animals and poultry.

Notable species include:

Bear (Ursus arctos) – lives in the mountain forests

Wolf (Canis lupus) – found throughout the country

Jackal – mainly in the Stara-Planina, though numbers are decreasing

Fox – widespread

Wild boar – common in forests and hills

Wild cat, polecat, and others

Game Animals

Hunting is important in Bulgaria, and several species of game are still present:

Stag (Cervus elaphus) – now mainly in large forests

Chamois (Capra rupicapra) – found on the steep rocks of the Rilo and Stara-Planina mountains

Roebuck (Cervus capreolus) – found in all mountain areas

Hare – widespread across plains and hills

Bulgaria’s natural wealth in crops, fruits, and wildlife shows the country’s diversity of agriculture and ecology, combining fertile plains with mountainous forests that support both human and animal life.