Retrospective Sketch of the Rise of The Servians

The early Sclavonian Tribes. — First traces of the Servian Face. — View of Ancient Scrcia. — Relations of the Servians to the Greek Empire. — Stephan Boistlaiv. — Constantine ilIonomachus. — The Grand Shvpaues. — Crusade of Frederic Barharossa at the close of the Twelfth Century. — Aversion of the Servians to the Western Church.—JYew Ecclesiastical Constitution in Servia.— The Servian Kings. — Conflict between the Latins and Greeks. — Stephan Dushan. — Increased Tower of the Servians in the Fourteenth Century. — Progress of Civilisation. — State of Transition. — Nationality of the Servian Laics.

The most remarkable and significant epoch in the history of the Sclavonian nations is found towards the close of the ninth century.

The migrations had ceased; immense tracts of country had been taken possession of; and those numerous tribes, of whose names the ancients were scarcely cognisant, had advanced some steps within the limits of historical and geographical recognition. Foreign rule, like that of the A wars, had been cast off; and the time was come for the Scla- vonians to raise themselves into independence, and to attempt political institutions.

At the period referred to — the latter part of the ninth century — we line! the great Moravian kingdom extending beyond Cracow, and far down the Elbe; for even the Zcchjans in Bohemia formed part of it; and to this day they recollect the great King Swatopluk in Moravia. Then arose amongst the Lechians in the neighbourhood of Gncsne and Posen, the Piasts; the first princes who did not belong to the old race of the people.

It was by a union of Sclavonic-Tsliudish tribes, under Norman Princes, that the Pussian empire was originally formed; taking from the first a decided direction towards the Lower Danube and Constantinople. Meanwhile, the Sclavonian Apostles, Methodius and Cyrillus, traversed all the countries bordering on the Danube, and became distinguished from most of the early missionaries by their endeavours to elevate the standard of the national languages, by using them in the Church service.

At this period also, we hear of the first attempts made by the Servian race towards forming political institutions.

Leaving it to antiquaries to trace out the origin and migrations of these people, by combining languages and myths with fragmentary traditions, it will suffice to say, that from the earliest times we find them in the country which they occupy to this day.

MEET WILLOW HERMAN

I’m from Bunker Hill, WV and I started playing hockey when I was five. My brother decided he wanted to play and I was only one year old at the time, so I grew up at the rinks. I’ve been a goalie my entire career and have just grown to love the position more and more.

WHAT MADE YOU WANT TO BE A WHL BRAND AMBASSADOR?

I wanted to be a brand ambassador because I want other little girls to see strong female players and want to continue to play. Around here we have almost no girls hockey and I want to change that.

WHAT ARE YOU MOST LOOKING FORWARD TO AS A #WHLAMBASSADOR?

I’m looking forward to showing people that hockey is more than a men’s sport and that there’s plenty of passionate female hockey players as well.

WHAT’S SOMETHING NOT A LOT OF PEOPLE KNOW ABOUT YOU?

Not many people know that I’m able to touch my elbows behind my back (it’s a silly talent but people love it). I’m very flexible and can move my body in abnormal ways.

IF YOU COULD SIT DOWN AND HAVE DINNER WITH ONE FEMALE HOCKEY PLAYER, WHO WOULD IT BE AND WHY?

If I could have dinner with one female player it’d be Manon Rhéaume because while the time was short, she was the first and only woman in the NHL and I just want to know more about her experience and what led her there.

WHAT’S THE BEST ADVICE YOU’VE EVER BEEN GIVEN IN HOCKEY OR IN LIFE?

The best advice that I was given was from Craig Laughlin at a camp of his I went to and he told us to always take our opportunities, no matter what they are just take them, if you don’t you’ll never know what could’ve been.

WHAT’S YOUR DREAM FOR WOMEN’S HOCKEY?

My dream for women’s hockey is for it to grow and for there to be more teams and have the professional league not struggle as much as it has been.

The priest and the merchant sure enough saw the gibbet

So they stopped and called Howleglass in a great passion, inquiring what vile work he had been doing, and swore and threatened dreadfully. Just then a wagonload of straw luckily went by, and the unhappy party purchased a small quantity, with which to purify the wellbedizened chariot.

Quite enraged, the merchant cried out, “Off to the gallows,you rascal!” and soon after Howleglass saw one not far from the roadside, and driving the chariot right underneath it, he was proceeding very leisurely to unharness the horses. “What is it that you are about, villain?” said his master. “Why,” replied Howleglass, “did not you order me to drive off to the gallows? where I thought I was to set you down.”

On looking up, the priest and the merchant sure enough saw the gibbet; upon which his master, being seized with a panic, commanded him to back, and drive right away as hard as he could flog.

Hearing this, Howleglass dashed neck and nothing through the mud, so that by the horrible pulling and tearing, the vehicle came straight in two, the hinder part remaining with the merchant and the priest stuck in the mud, and the other proceeding with Howleglass and the horses just as if nothing had happened. At length with much shouting and running the merchant overtook his driver, and was beginning to inflict summary vengeance upon him, when the priest came up and prevented him; and in this fashion they contrived to accomplish their journey, and so home again.

Eat and Drink

Well! his wife inquired how the merchant had enjoyed his journey? “Oh, delightful,” cried the merchant, “now that we are safely returned.” Then he called Howie glass, saying, “Tonight eat and drink to your heart’s content, for tomorrow you quit this house. I cannot keep you, you are too great a malicious rascal for me.”

“All right, master,” said Howleglass. And in the morning when the merchant went out, he again said, “Eat and drink, take as much as you like, but do not let me find you here when 1 come home from church.” So while the family was at church, Howleglass proceeded as he had been ordered to take what he liked; and very shortly he had almost completely gutted the house.

In short, the merchant met him with a whole load of his goods in the street as he was coming from church. “Ha! my honest cook,” he cried, “what are you dressing now?” “What you commanded me to do,” replied Howleglass: “you informed me that I might take what I liked, and rid the house of me.” “Leave these things where they are,” exclaimed the merchant, “and go to the devil if you please.” Howleglass said, “I do everything that my masters order me, and yet I cannot live in peace.” So he quitted the merchant in a huff, whom he was sorry again to have met with, while the former had his goods conveyed back to the house.

Information web site : https://bulgaria.tourhints.info/eulenspiegel-and-the-merchant-part-3/

How to Find Your Dream Russian Girl

How to Date a Russian Girl

In many ways, dating a Russian girl is not that different from the romantic experience you may already have. However, there are also some standout aspects of dating a girl from Russia you should know about. Here are a few tips on how to date a Russian girl.

Express your feelings openly. Russian girls may seem demure and distant, but they immediately change once they find out you are interested in them romantically and want to build a relationship. That is why it’s so important to learn to openly talk about your feelings.

Show her that you care. A typical Russian girl loves all the attention she can get from a man. From a simple text wishing her a good morning to making sure she gets home safely after a date, expressing these little episodes of attention is the foundation for a happy relationship.

Don’t pressure her into anything. While some Russian girls prefer to quickly advance the relationship, most ladies prefer to take it slow. She will tell you when she is ready to take the relationship to the next stage. Don’t expect to come in for a cup of tea on your first or second date, but if that happens, consider yourself lucky!

Make an effort with your look. If there is one thing that is always said about girls in Russia, it’s that they always look put-together and appropriate. Naturally, she will expect the same from you. You don’t need to wear an expensive tuxedo to a movie date, but you always need to look clean, fresh, and well-groomed.

Act like a gentleman. When dating a Russian girl, you will need to remember your chivalry skills. Surely, you may not have used them for a while, but Russian girls are old-fashioned in this regard and expect their man to open the door for them, pick up the check, and lend them your jacket when it’s chilly outside.

Be interested in her culture. Russian girls are usually very familiar with Western culture and often watch the same TV shows and listen to the same music as you do. However, Russian culture is also a big part of a Russian girl’s identity, and you should make an effort to know more about it. Even learning a couple of phrases in Russian to surprise her will definitely hit the right spot.

Meet her parents and friends. A social circle consisting of family members and friends is one of the most important things for a girl from Russia. Volunteering to meet her parents and doing your best to impress them will cement your position as the best boyfriend ever. If you manage to become a part of her friend circle, it will make your relationship stronger.

Support her in her aspirations. Even though some Russian girls are happy just being homemakers, the majority of them put their higher education to good use and strive to build a brilliant career. If you support her aspirations, help her prepare for interviews, and are willing to talk about her goals, she will appreciate you even more.

Surprise her with gifts. The old-fashioned part of the personality of a Russian girl makes them very excited every time they get a present from their loved one. It doesn’t have to be an expensive smartphone or jewelry: even a bouquet of flowers or a new lipstick you know she’s wanted for some time is enough to put her in a good mood.

Be yourself. It is very tempting to pretend to be someone else when you want to woo your Russian beauty, but the truth will always come out. Even if you believe you are not perfect, it’s best to just be sincere. If you don’t pretend to be someone you are not and always tell the truth, your girl will accept you the way you are.

How to Find Your Dream Russian Girl

There is a very slim chance that you will randomly meet a girl from Russia in your city streets, let alone build a happy relationship with her. Traveling to Russia to find love sounds very romantic, but it is hardly a practical move and will cost you thousands of dollars. So what is the best place to find Russian girls for dating?

We believe that you have the best chance of finding your ideal Russian girlfriend on a Russian dating site. These sites have proven to be very efficient in connecting lonely hearts across the globe, and if you are dreaming of meeting a girl from Russia, you should definitely give them a try.

Russian dating websites have numerous benefits. There are thousands of girls ready for a relationship or marriage, so you just have to use the search function to find your ideal match. Plus, when you are communicating through a dating site, you don’t have to rush anything and can fully control your relationship.

And when you are finally ready to meet your Russian girl in person, the site administrators will gladly help you arrange the meeting. From here, you will need to do most of the work by yourself, but it’s the kind of work that always pays off in the end.

 

They were both old schoolmates and friends

Mrs. Crowe, on the contrary, was well to do, her husband being a rich farmer and an easy-going man. She was a stingy woman, but for all that she looked kindly; and when she gave away anything, or lifted a finger to help anybody, it was thought a great piece of beneficence, and a compliment, indeed, which the recipient accepted with twice as much gratitude as double the gift that came from a poorer and more generous acquaintance. Everybody liked to be on good terms with Mrs. Crowe. Socially she stood much higher than Sarah Ann Binson.

They were both old schoolmates and friends of Temperance Dent, who had asked them, one day, not long before she died, if they would not come together and look after the house, and manage everything, when she was gone. She may have had some hope that they might become closer friends in this period of intimate partnership, and that the richer woman might better understand the burdens of the poorer. They had not kept the house the night before; they were too weary with the care of their old friend, whom they had not left until all was over.

Ran down hillside

There was a brook which ran down the hillside very near the house, and the sound of it was much louder than usual. When there was silence in the kitchen, the busy stream had a strange insistence in its wild voice, as if it tried to make the watchers understand something that related to the past.

“I declare, I can’t begin to sorrow for Tempy yet. I am so glad to have her at rest,” whispered Mrs. Crowe. “It is strange to set here without her, but I can’t make it clear that she has gone. I feel as if she had got easy and dropped off to sleep, and I’m more scared about waking her up than knowing any other feeling.”

“Yes,” said Sarah Ann. “It’s just like that, ain’t it? But I tell you we are goin’ to miss her worse than we expect. She’s helped me through with many a trial, has Temperance. I ain’t the only one who says the same, neither.”

These words were spoken as if there were a third person listening; somebody besides Mrs. Crowe. The watchers could not rid their minds of the feeling that they were being watched themselves. The spring wind whistled in the window crack, now and then, and buffeted the little house in a gusty way that had a sort of companionable effect. Y et, on the whole, it was a very still night, and the watchers spoke in a half-whisper.

S: https://bulgarian.marietaminkova.com/miss-tempys-watchers-part-2/

Contradicting information

The Bulgarian Helsinki Committee monitors annually the level of police violence in Bulgaria, interviewing people in police custody and prisons. The data from recent years shows that violence is persistent, and almost a third of the detainees are victims of illegal use of force by police officers. The alarming conclusion of the researchers is that minors are at the greatest risk of ill-treatment.

Meanwhile, the Ministry of Interior and courts provide almost no information about the number of reported cases of abuses by law enforcement officers.

Only a third of the courts (42 of 144) have provided data about 212 initiated cases, but according to the Interior Ministry there were 1,146 appeals for the period 2000-2015.

Nobody knows to what extent the number of complaints is relevant to the appealed cases. Moreover, there is no collection of thorough information about the real number of complaints, and their outcome.

No punishment

The most common complaints are about torture and unlawful detention (42.2 percent and 41.5 percent, respectively), and in 16.4 percent of cases the interrogation was conducted with illegal use of force. Of all the 1,146 complaints, received in the Ministry of Interior, only 11 percent of the cases resulted in violations being found and punishment being imposed. Three hundred complaints were deemed unfounded, and 725 cases were considered as complying with the law.

By comparison, when the appeal was brought to the court, the officers were found guilty in 61 percent of the cases. This suggests that the Ministry of Interior has no policy regarding the investigation and punishment of the law enforcement officers in cases where they exceed their powers.

Even in those few cases in which a violation of the law was found, the penalty is usually diminished. According to the Interior Ministry, only 18 policemen have been dismissed in the past 15 years, 48 were fined, and 11 were sentenced to conditional imprisonment (for a period of 1.5 to 3 years). Normally, the fines vary from 500 to 1,000 levas (approximately 250 to 500 euro), and there is no information on whether they are actually paid.

According to the data provided from the courts for the same period, fines were imposed on 101 police officers, and 28 were punished with a conditional sentence of imprisonment.

Consequences: The data discrepancies show that police violence is a worrying problem in Bulgaria. According to the Bulgarian Helsinki Committee’s analysis of European Court of Human Rights judgments against Bulgaria, the state was sentenced to pay over 900,000 levas in penalties and damages between 2000 and 2010 because of uninvestigated and unpunished police violence.

The Coming of Gandin P/2

Now when he had sung another lay, Gandin arose and stood before the king, holding the lute in his hand. “Sir King,” he said, “bethink thee of what thou didst promise me.”;

And Mark answered: “Of good will will I do it. Tell me what wilt thou?”

“Give me Iseult,” quoth the knight.

“Friend,” said Mark, “whatever else thou desirest thou shalt have, but this may not be.”

“Verily, Sir King,” said Gandin, “I will neither much nor little, but Iseult alone.”

The King spake: “Of a truth, that shall not be!”

“Sire, wilt thou then break thy promise? If thou be thus forsworn, henceforth shall men hold thee unworthy to be king of any land. Bid them read the right of kings, and if this be not so, then will I renounce my claim. Or, dost thou, or any other say that thou didst not swear to give me what I asked, then will I assert my right against thee, or against whomsoever the court may choose.

My body shall be overcome with fight ere I renounce my claim. Choose thou a knight to ride in the ring against me, and I will prove by combat that fair Iseult is mine.” The king looked all about and on either side if he might find one who would dare to uphold his cause; but there was no man who would set his life on such a wager, nor would Mark himself fight for his queen, for Gandin was so strong and valiant that none durst take up his challenge.

Weeping and Lamenting

Now Tristan had ridden forth to the woods to hunt, and as he came homeward to the court he heard on the way the news of what had chanced. It was all true: Gandin had led the queen, weeping and lamenting bitterly from the palace to the seashore. On the shore was pitched a tent, rich and costly, wherein he led the queen that they might wait till tide and river rose and floated the bark, which now laying on the sand.

Tristan heard the tale from beginning to end, he mounted his horse and took his harp in his hand, and rode swiftly, even to the haven. There he turned aside secretly, to a grove, made his horse fast to the bough of a tree, and with his harp in his hand took his way to the tent. The knight of Ireland sat there, armed, beside the weeping queen, whom he strove hard to comfort, but little might it avail, till he saw Tristan and his harp.

He greeted Gandin, saying: “God save thee, fair minstrel!”

“Gramercy, gentle knight.”

“Sir,” he said, “I have hastened hither. Men have told me thou art come from Ireland: I too am from thence. I pray thee, of thine honor, lake me back to mine own land.”

The Irish knight made answer: “That will I do; but sit thee down, play to me, and if thou canst comfort my lady, whom thou sees weeping sorely, I will give thee the fairest garment that is in this tent.”

This a fair offer, Sir Knight,” said Tristan. “I have good hope that I may do so; and her grief be not so great that it will stay not for any man’s playing, she must needs be consoled.”

Source: https://bulgarian.doholidays.com/the-coming-of-gandin-part-2/

Children holding up German

In Germany, a post-communist generation searches for identity

Born before the Berlin Wall fell, the children of the

“Third Generation East” were too young to be involved in the events

of 1989. Now they’re trying to understand how their families lived under

communist dictatorships.

Children holding up German flags in blurry focus (Privat)

I started school in 1990, in Bonn. It was a year after the

fall of the Berlin Wall; Germany’s reunification came a few weeks later. My

impressions of that first day of school combine the black, red and gold of the

German flag with my pink paper cone filled with presents, along with a nervous

stomach. It’s all a bit foggy, just like my memories of childhod before the

fall of the Wall — my time in the East. I was born in the socialist People’s

Republic of Bulgaria, and I learned to walk in East Germany.

I remember one thing clearly: The sound of change was in the

air. It could be heard in kitchen conversations, was whispered in small talk

with the neighbors, written in letters to my grandparents in Bulgaria and

discussed on the news. It all conveyed mixed feelings of uncertainty and

optimism.

But after the Iron Curtain came down, everyone went silent.

It’s as if the generation of my parents and grandparents had decided from one

day to the next to pack their past in a box and hide it in the darkest corner

of the attic. It remained untouched for a long time.

But it’s happening now. Those parents’ and grandparents’

memories are being shaken by the question of their now grown-up

post-reunification children. Did they believe in socialism? What did they do?

How did they live? What did they want to become? What did they dream of? What

made them happy? What did they lack?

German unification — time for the next generation to step up

A person standing in front of remains of the Berlin Wall

(DW/H. Rawlinson)

How was it for you, dear parents? What did you think? What

did you do?

These questions have little to do with nostalgia. Rather,

it’s that this younger generation hopes to understand the country where their

parents and grandparents grew up, the country where they also come from. But

even cautious questions may lead to an emotionally defensive reaction. Why is

that the case? Is it possible for us to gain access to our parents’ past

experiences? Do our parents have the right to forget or the responsibility to

talk?

Buchcover Nachwendekinder

‘Nachwendekinder’ refers to children who grew up in the

years following the fall of communism

Talk to us!

These are also the questions that Johannes Nichelmann asks

in his book, Die Nachwendekinder: Die DDR, unsere Eltern und das große

Schweigen (literally “Post-Communist-Transition Children: The GDR, Our

Parents and the Great Silence”).

“I’ve noticed that many people of my generation who

were born in the East are trying to find out more about that East that shaped

them,” Nichelmann told DW.

Influenced by the media stories told after 1990 and by what

they learned in history classes, the so-called Third Generation East children

now want to fill the void in their own biographies.

Nichelmann remembers the day when he and his brother found

their father’s military uniform in the basement. They previously didn’t even

know that he had been a border guard in the communist German Democratic

Republic (GDR).

“My father was the trigger for my book. Until recently,

he had never revealed a single thing about his life in East Germany. He would

actually become very angry if I asked him anything at all. I realized that

something was wrong, that it was something he didn’t want to deal with. That

obviously got me imagining all kinds of things.”